According to Adam Smith, what role should governments play in the economy?

Adam Smith, often referred to as the father of modern economics, advocated for minimal government intervention in the economy. His seminal work, "The Wealth of Nations," emphasizes the idea of the "invisible hand," which suggests that when individuals act in their own self-interest within a free market, they inadvertently contribute to the overall good of society. According to Smith, the role of government should be limited to maintaining the rule of law, protecting property rights, and ensuring national defense, but it should refrain from interfering in market dynamics.

This concept is rooted in the belief that free markets naturally regulate themselves through competition and consumer choice, leading to innovation, efficiency, and wealth creation. By allowing the economy to operate without government interference, Smith argued that the best outcomes for society would emerge as individuals and businesses pursue their own interests.

The other options, such as advocating for strict regulation of industries or equal wages for all workers, contradict Smith's view that market forces should dictate economic outcomes. Similarly, subsidizing failing industries goes against his belief that economic resources should be allocated based on market viability rather than government intervention.