What was a major social change resulting from urbanization during the Industrial Revolution?

The growth of factory-based employment was a significant social change resulting from urbanization during the Industrial Revolution. As people migrated from rural areas to urban centers in search of work, factories began to proliferate in these cities, transforming the economic landscape. This shift marked a departure from predominantly agrarian lifestyles, as individuals sought job opportunities in factories that manufactured goods at an unprecedented scale.

The move towards factory employment also led to the development of new social structures, including a distinct working class that emerged as a result of this employment shift. With the rise of factories, many individuals found themselves working long hours under challenging conditions, which also prompted discussions about labor rights and led to the eventual establishment of labor movements advocating for better working conditions and wages.

In contrast, options reflecting an increase in agrarian lifestyles, the rise of pastoral communities, or a decline in education levels do not accurately represent the social changes brought about by urbanization during this period. Urbanization fundamentally altered the way people lived and worked, steering society away from agriculture and moving toward an industrialized economy characterized by factory-based jobs.