Which agricultural concept focuses on the planting of various species to promote biodiversity and soil health?

The concept that focuses on the planting of various species to promote biodiversity and soil health is crop rotation. This agricultural practice involves alternating the types of crops grown in a particular area across different seasons or years. By rotating crops, farmers can improve soil fertility and structure, reduce soil erosion, and disrupt the life cycles of pests and diseases. Different crops have varying nutrient needs and contribute differently to the soil, thus enhancing soil health over time.

In contrast, monoculture refers to the agricultural practice of growing a single species of crop over a wide area, which can lead to soil depletion and increased vulnerability to pests and diseases. Diversification, while promoting the planting of multiple types of crops, does not specifically emphasize the practice of rotating them. Permaculture is a broader concept that integrates ecological principles into agricultural practices, emphasizing sustainable practices and relationships within an ecosystem, but it is not solely focused on crop rotation specifically. Hence, crop rotation is the most fitting answer regarding the promotion of biodiversity and soil health.