Which of the following was a major consequence of urbanization during the Industrial Revolution?

The growth of factory-based economies and increased job opportunities stands out as a major consequence of urbanization during the Industrial Revolution. As people flocked to cities in search of work, the demand for labor in factories surged, leading to the establishment of numerous industries. This not only created a multitude of jobs but also transformed economic structures by shifting labor from rural agriculture to urban manufacturing.

The concentration of workers in cities facilitated innovation and efficiency, allowing for mass production techniques to thrive. It also enabled the establishment of diverse markets and the growth of consumer culture. Therefore, the link between urbanization and the rise of factory economies was crucial in reshaping societies during this period.

In contrast, the decrease in population density in cities is misleading, as urbanization typically results in increased population density. Similarly, urbanization did not inherently improve rural living conditions; instead, it often exacerbated issues in rural areas as people left in search of better opportunities. Finally, urbanization inherently involves an increase in migration to urban areas, as individuals and families move in significant numbers seeking work and the promise of improved living standards.